GRACE/GRACE-FO Product Level Convention Summary

Clarification of the GRACE/GRACE-FO product-level convention established following internal discussions around 07 May 2026. The framework distinguishes observational, SHC-domain, and synthesized spatial products in a more rigorous and consistent way.

Level-1A/B

Level-1A/B products remain the original mission observation products. These correspond to the fundamental observational domain and include:

These products remain unchanged and represent the original calibrated or raw instrument observations of the GRACE/GRACE-FO missions.

Level-1C

Products derived from external processing of Level-1 observations are classified as Level-1C. These products remain tied to the observational domain rather than the gravity-field domain.

Examples include:

The defining characteristic is that the products are still represented in the measurement domain and are not yet spherical harmonic gravity-field solutions.

Level-2

Level-2 products are defined by representation in the spherical harmonic coefficient (SHC) domain.

Any product remaining in SHC form is, by definition, still a Level-2 product regardless of applied corrections or post-processing steps.

This includes:

The May 2026 clarification establishes that corrected SHC products remain Level-2 products as long as they remain represented in SHC space.

Level-2B

Level-2B is interpreted as a corrected or enhanced Level-2 product still fully represented in the SHC domain.

The defining criterion is not the amount of processing applied, but whether the product continues to exist in spherical harmonic coefficient space.

Level-3

Level-3 products begin once synthesis or gridding into spatial fields is performed.

The defining characteristic of Level-3 is therefore the gridded spatial representation, independent of whether the product fully represents a direct geophysical quantity.

Examples include:

The synthesis or gridding step itself is what fundamentally transitions a product from Level-2/2B into Level-3.

Implications for TUD Product Naming (5-day v2 & Monthly Uncertainties v5)

Following this clarification, the naming convention for the upcoming v5 release will be adjusted accordingly.

  • Products remaining in SHC representation retain Level-2/Level-2B classification
  • Gridded synthesized products are classified as Level-3 products
Example Naming Transition

Previous naming:
TUD-L2B-EWH_UNC-GRACE



New naming:
TUD-L3-EWH_UNC-GRACE

Under the updated interpretation, gridded synthesized EWH uncertainty products are explicitly treated as Level-3 products.

Final {v2; v5} Convention

Level-2 → SHC-domain products
Level-2B → Corrected/enhanced SHC-domain products
Level-3 → Synthesized or gridded spatial products